The Seventh Angel - Страница 5

Charlie pulled back on the yoke, bringing the nose of the submersible up. “Let’s go, old girl. Time to head back toward fresh air and sunshine.”

“I’m not that old,” Gabriella said softly.

It was obviously intended as humor, but her words gave Charlie a chill. This was not the pleasant tingle of attraction, but the cold realization that his decision to avoid an emergency abort might be putting Gabriella’s life at risk. He’d gotten so locked up in weighing the technical issues of the decision that he’d forgotten to factor in Gabriella. Charlie and Steve were accustomed to the risks. This was what they trained for. This was their job. But to Gabriella, this was a scientific expedition. She probably hadn’t considered how badly things could go wrong at the bottom of a three thousand foot tall column of water.

At this depth, the water pressure on the hull was over 1,300 pounds per square inch. Suddenly, Charlie could almost feel the ocean squeezing his little submarine, pressing in the way that the darkness tried to crush the sphere of light cast by the flood lamps.

From somewhere near the rear of the cabin came a rapid metallic chattering. Electrical relays were clicking on and off many times a second, making electrical connections, breaking them, and then making them again. The exterior floodlights dimmed, brightened, dimmed again, and then went out.

“Holy shit!” Steve shouted. “I’m losing the main electrical bus! I’ve got breakers tripping all over the board, and I’m showing low volts on the auxiliary bus!”

Charlie lifted his right hand from the control yoke to fumble for the emergency ballast release. The hot ozone smell of burning electrical insulation filled the air. His fingers wrapped around the handle, but — before he could release the safety latch — the control yoke darted hard to the right. Charlie couldn’t hold it steady with only one hand. It twisted out of his grasp, rolling the sub almost ninety-degrees, onto its starboard side.

Charlie was thrown against his safety belts. His head slammed into something. Neon colors exploded in his brain, smearing bright streaks of pain on the insides of his eyelids. Far away, he could hear someone screaming. He wanted to turn and find the screaming person, to help if he could, but his body didn’t seem to be obeying his commands.

Like Icarus, his magic wings had failed him. They folded uselessly and tore away from his body. And Charlie Sweigart tumbled helplessly into the heart of darkness.

CHAPTER 4

ICBM: A COLD WAR SAILOR’S MUSINGS ON THE ULTIMATE WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION

In the years since the fall of the Warsaw Pact, the word bomb has come to be associated with terrorism. We use the term to describe car bombs, roadside bombs, improvised explosive devices, and the feared — but never seen—dirty bomb. When we think of bombs, we think of wounded American Soldiers, dead or injured Middle Eastern civilians, and innocent victims in European train stations. But for the last half of the twentieth-century, the word meant something altogether different.

I was a child of the Cold War. I was born in the shadow of Sputnik, when America’s nuclear adversary, the USSR, dominated the strategic high ground of outer space. I took my first steps at just about the time a Soviet surface-to-air missile blasted Francis Gary Powers and his U-2 spy plane out of the sky over Sverdlovsk. I was learning to brush my own teeth right about the time the Cuban Missile Crisis had the world teetering on the brink of nuclear holocaust. John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev managed to drag us back from the edge of destruction, but it was nearly a foregone conclusion that, sooner or later, the Cold War was going to go hot.

Back then the bomb was the big one: the A-bomb. The term didn't refer to any individual weapon. Outside of James Bond movies and the pages of Dr. Strangelove, there was no ultra-secret doomsday device waiting to bring nuclear annihilation to the human species. The bomb was the label we gave to the collective nuclear arsenals of the world. It was cultural shorthand for our bombs, and China's bombs, and the bombs of the Soviet Union. And, in carefully unspoken subtext, the term signified the eventual extermination of man by his own hand.

That was the world I grew up in. A world in which it was taken for granted that we would see Armageddon within our lifetimes. When I enlisted in the Navy that was the world I served in. We didn't look forward to it. We certainly didn't want it. And, despite what you may have seen in movies or political commentaries, the militaries on both sides went to extraordinary lengths to prevent it. But many of us labored under the mortal certainty that a nuclear showdown was inevitable. The United States and the Soviet Union were going to unleash their nuclear arsenals upon each other and the world. It wasn't a matter of if; it was a matter of when.

Now, so long after the fall of the Berlin wall, those fears seem distant and even a bit foolish. We’ve refocused our worries on terrorism at home and abroad. We’re concerned about the stability of the Middle East. We're nervous about the threat of nuclear weapons in the hands of Iran and North Korea. But the specter of the Russian bomb has been laid to rest. The apocalypse will not arrive riding on the shoulders of a Soviet-built ICBM. Or will it?

The Russian military, under-funded at the best of times, is having trouble paying its own people. According to the U.S. National Intelligence Counsel, Russian Strategic Rocket Forces are suffering from wage arrears, food shortages, and housing shortages. Put simply, the Russian military is having difficulty paying, housing, and even feeding the very people entrusted with safeguarding their strategic nuclear weapons.

In 1997, the 12th GUMO (Main Directorate of the Ministry of Defense) was forced to close a nuclear weapons storage site due to hunger strikes by its workers. In 1998, the families of Russian nuclear workers organized protests to recover back pay and benefits. The Russian media reports that the pay problems have been ironed out, and that most Russian military personnel are now paid regularly. But even on full pay, many members of the Russian military cannot afford to feed their families. Russian officers rarely receive more than $70.00 a month, and their enlisted personnel are paid considerably less than that.

Contrary to the reassurances of the Russian press, the problem hasn't gone away, and it doesn't stop at pay shortages. The U.S. intelligence community believes that weapons-grade plutonium, seized in Bulgaria in 1999, originated in Russia. Some time between 2001 and 2002, Chechen rebels stole radioactive materials from the Volgodonskaya nuclear power station near the Russian city of Rostov-on-Don. Control over the material at the site in question was so lax that the date of the theft can only be estimated to within about 12 months. This is not the plot of a bad science fiction movie; it’s an ongoing state of affairs.

In 2000, sailors aboard a Russian submarine in Kamchatka stole nine radioactive catalyst tubes used for igniting the nuclear reactor. The tubes contained palladium, which is more valuable than gold. Not realizing that the stolen tubes were radioactive, the sailors hoped to sell them to a local scrap metal dealer. Following the incident, the Kamchatkan newspaper Vesti reported that the thieves had nearly caused a nuclear disaster when they attempted to lift the control rods out of the reactor. The Vesti article claimed that an accident was only averted because an unidentified Russian submarine engineer had the foresight to weld the handle of the control mechanism down, so that the thieves couldn't lift it.

Two senior Russian submarine officers were relieved of duty after the incident came to light, and two Russian admirals and ten other officers were penalized for negligence. The deputy head of the Russian North East Army Group's press center accused the media of exaggerating the danger.

The crime rate in the Russian military is skyrocketing, with theft, criminal assault, drug dealing, and illegal weapons trafficking as the most persistent problems. Desertions and suicides are both on the rise among the enlisted ranks. The problem, in other words, appears to be getting worse rather than better.

If the difficulties were confined to the conventional Russian military, I'd call it an internal problem. After all, the crime rate in the Russian Federation and the readiness of their military are their business, not ours. But the incidents mentioned above and many more like them make it clear that the integrity of the Russian nuclear forces is being affected. Men guard Russian nuclear stockpiles. And the mounting evidence tells us that those men are in serious trouble.

As a veteran of the Cold War, I feared the former strength of the Russian military. Now, in the wake of its virtual collapse, I’m beginning to fear its weakness even more. In other words, the danger of nuclear attack may not be as remote as we’d like to believe. Our margin of safety may be narrower than ever. To the eyes of this old Sailor, it appears to be eroding by the second.

How did we arrive at this precarious state of affairs? Is it possible to trace the chain of events that led us here?

If we hope to gain any true degree of insight, we must understand the weapons themselves. What are these engines of destruction that cast the shadows of annihilation over our very planet? Where did intercontinental ballistic missiles come from? How were they developed? And, perhaps more importantly, why?